Jawa

Jawa (Java) is the geographic, political, and economic center of Indonesia. Stretching roughly 1,000 km (620 miles) from the Sunda Strait in the west to the Bali Strait in the east, the island is defined by a spine of over 100 volcanoes, dozens of which remain active. The island is divided administratively into six provinces: Banten, Special Capital Region of Jakarta, West Java (Jawa Barat), Central Java (Jawa Tengah), Special Region of Yogyakarta, and East Java (Jawa Timur).

Travelers visit Java for its concentration of UNESCO World Heritage monuments, including the 9th-century Buddhist temple of Borobudur and the Hindu temple complex of Prambanan. The island features volcanic landscapes ranging from the smoldering caldera of Mount Bromo to the sulfur vents and electric-blue flames of Kawah Ijen. Java also holds the royal court cities of Yogyakarta and Surakarta (Solo), tea plantations in the West Java highlands, Dutch colonial districts in Jakarta and Semarang, and dense tropical rainforests in Ujung Kulon National Park.

Java lies entirely within the tropics, experiencing a hot, equatorial climate across the lowlands and cooler temperatures in the volcanic highlands. Sea-level cities such as Jakarta, Surabaya, and Semarang record daily temperatures between 26°C and 34°C (79°F–93°F) year-round with high humidity. Mountain destinations like Bandung, Malang, and the Dieng Plateau sit at higher altitudes, where temperatures range from 15°C to 24°C (59°F–75°F) during the day and can drop below 10°C (50°F) at night.

• May to September (Dry Season): This is the ideal period for travel across Java. Rainfall is minimal, mountain hiking trails remain dry and stable, and clear skies provide optimal conditions for sunrise viewings at Mount Bromo and Borobudur. July and August represent peak international and domestic travel months.
• October to November (Transition Period): Rainfall increases gradually as the monsoon approaches. Morning conditions are generally clear with occasional late afternoon showers. Temperatures remain warm, and tourist crowds decrease at major temple sites.
• December to March (Wet Season / Monsoon): Heavy equatorial rains and thunderstorm activity peak during these months. Afternoon downpours can cause localized flash flooding in low-lying sectors of Jakarta and coastal cities. Mountain hiking trails can become slick with mud, and maritime crossings across the Sunda and Bali straits may experience rough seas.
• April (Late Wet Season): Rains taper off as the southeast monsoon begins to establish. Rice terraces across Central and East Java appear deep green, and water levels at highland waterfalls reach their annual peak.

By Air

Java contains several major international and domestic aviation gateways:

• Soekarno–Hatta International Airport (CGK): Located in Tangerang, 20 km (12 miles) northwest of central Jakarta. As Indonesia's primary hub, it handles direct flights from Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Middle East, along with frequent domestic connections to every major island.
• Juanda International Airport (SUB): Located in Sidoarjo, 17 km (11 miles) south of central Surabaya. Handles direct international flights from Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, and Hong Kong, plus extensive domestic connections across eastern Indonesia.
• Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA): Located in Kulon Progo, 45 km (28 miles) southwest of central Yogyakarta. Connects Yogyakarta to Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, and domestic hubs. Direct airport express trains run to Yogyakarta Station in 39 minutes (IDR 20,000–50,000 / $1.30–$3.20 USD).
• Secondary Airports: Halim Perdanakusuma Airport (HLP) in East Jakarta (domestic city-center airport), Ahmad Yani International Airport (SRG) in Semarang, Adi Soemarmo Airport (SOC) in Solo, Abdul Rachman Saleh Airport (MLG) in Malang, Kertajati International Airport (KJT) in West Java, and Banyuwangi Airport (BWX) near the eastern tip for travelers visiting Kawah Ijen.
• Airlines: Garuda Indonesia, Citilink, Batik Air, Lion Air, Super Air Jet, and Indonesia AirAsia provide high-frequency scheduled services across the island. Flight times between Jakarta and regional Javanese cities run 60 to 90 minutes.

By Train

PT Kereta Api Indonesia (KAI) operates a rail network spanning West, Central, and East Java:

• High-Speed Rail (Whoosh): Operated by PT KCIC, Whoosh connects Jakarta (Halim Station) to Bandung (Padalarang and Tegalluar stations) at speeds up to 350 km/h (217 mph). The 142 km (88-mile) journey takes 30 to 45 minutes. A dedicated feeder train links Padalarang Station directly to central Bandung Station in 18 minutes. Fares: Premium Economy IDR 150,000–250,000 ($10–$16 USD), Business Class IDR 450,000 ($29 USD), First Class IDR 600,000 (~$38 USD).
• North Coast Mainline (Pantura): Express services connect Jakarta (Gambir and Pasar Senen stations) to Cirebon, Semarang, and Surabaya (Pasarturi Station). The Argo Bromo Anggrek makes the Jakarta–Surabaya run in 8 hours (Executive class: IDR 600,000–850,000 / ~$38–$54 USD; Luxury sleeper: IDR 1,200,000–1,500,000 / ~$77–$96 USD).
• Southern Mainline: Express trains run from Jakarta Gambir to Yogyakarta, Solo Balapan, Madiun, and Surabaya Gubeng. The Taksaka, Argo Lawu, and Argo Dwipangga cover Jakarta to Yogyakarta in 6 to 7 hours (Executive: IDR 450,000–650,000 / ~$29–$42 USD).
• Booking: Book train seats up to 45 days in advance via the official Access by KAI mobile app or online via platforms such as Tiket.com and Traveloka.

By Bus

Java is served by an extensive long-distance bus system operating on expressways and regional highways:

• Major Operators: PO Rosalia Indah, PO Harapan Jaya, PO Gunung Harta, PO Sinar Jaya, PO Agra Mas, and PO Juragan 99.
• Routes & Journey Times:
  • Jakarta to Yogyakarta: 8 to 10 hours via the Trans-Java Toll Road (Executive class: IDR 200,000–280,000 / ~$13–$18 USD; Sleeper class: IDR 350,000–450,000 / ~$22–$29 USD).
  • Jakarta to Surabaya: 10 to 12 hours (Executive: IDR 300,000–380,000 / ~$19–$24 USD; Sleeper: IDR 450,000–550,000 / ~$29–$35 USD).
  • Jakarta to Bandung: 3 to 4 hours via shared shuttle vans (such as DayTrans, Cititrans, and Primajasa) running hourly from various Jakarta pick-up points (IDR 90,000–180,000 / ~$6–$12 USD).
• Terminals: Major central terminals include Pulo Gebang and Kampung Rambutan in Jakarta, Giwangan and Jombor in Yogyakarta, and Purabaya (Bungurasih) in Surabaya.

By Car

• Trans-Java Toll Road (Jalan Tol Trans-Jawa): This controlled-access toll highway network extends over 1,100 km (680 miles), connecting Merak Port on the western tip through Jakarta, Cirebon, Semarang, Surakarta, and Surabaya to Probolinggo in East Java.
• Drive Times & Distances from Jakarta:
  • Bandung: 150 km (93 miles), 2.5 to 3.5 hours via the Cipularang Toll Road.
  • Semarang: 440 km (273 miles), 5 to 6 hours via the Trans-Java Toll Road.
  • Yogyakarta: 560 km (348 miles), 7 to 8.5 hours via the Trans-Java Toll Road and Bawen/Solo exit roads.
  • Surabaya: 780 km (485 miles), 8.5 to 10 hours via the Trans-Java Toll Road.
• Toll Payments: Cash is not accepted at toll gates. Drivers must use prepaid contactless electronic money cards (e-money, Flazz, TapCash, or Brizzi), available at convenience stores (Indomaret, Alfamart) and toll plazas.

By Ferry

• West (To/From Sumatra): ASDP Indonesia Ferry runs roll-on/roll-off ferries between Merak Port (Banten, western Java) and Bakauheni Port (Lampung, southern Sumatra) 24 hours a day across the Sunda Strait. Standard ferries take 2 to 3 hours (passenger fare: IDR 22,000 / ~$1.40 USD; standard car: IDR 450,000–500,000 / ~$29–$32 USD). Express catamarans complete the crossing in 1 hour (passenger fare: IDR 78,000 / ~$5.00 USD).
• East (To/From Bali): ASDP ferries run continuously between Ketapang Port (Banyuwangi, East Java) and Gilimanuk Port (western Bali) across the Bali Strait. Crossing time is 45 to 60 minutes (passenger fare: IDR 10,600 / ~$0.70 USD; standard car: IDR 213,000 / ~$13.70 USD). All ferry tickets must be purchased online prior to arrival at the port via the official Ferizy app or website.

Getting Around

• Ride-Hailing: Gojek and Grab operate in all cities and medium-sized towns across Java. Users can hail private cars (GoCar/GrabCar) or motorcycle taxis (GoRide/GrabBike), with fares starting at IDR 10,000 ($0.65 USD). Maxim and inDrive provide alternative app-based transport.
• Metered Taxis: Bluebird is the most reputable taxi company on the island, operating in Jakarta, Bandung, Semarang, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta. Taxis use calibrated meters, or bookings can be made through the MyBluebird app. Base fare begins around IDR 8,500–9,000 ($0.55–$0.60 USD) with a rate of IDR 5,000–6,000 ($0.32–$0.38 USD) per km.
• Urban Rail: Jakarta features a modern mass transit system including MRT Jakarta (North-South Line, IDR 3,000–14,000 / $0.20–$0.90 USD), Jabodebek LRT, and the extensive KRL Commuterline rail network connecting Jakarta with Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. In Central Java, the KRL Commuterline connects Yogyakarta Station to Solo Balapan in 1 hour 15 minutes (flat fare: IDR 8,000 / ~$0.50 USD using a multi-trip card or Gojek app ticket).
• Bus Rapid Transit: TransJakarta operates a network of dedicated bus corridors across Greater Jakarta (flat fare: IDR 3,500 / ~$0.22 USD using an e-money card). Regional bus networks like Trans Jogja in Yogyakarta and Trans Semarang charge IDR 3,500–4,000 per trip.
• Local Transit: Angkot (minivans) operate fixed local routes in towns and suburbs (cash fare: IDR 4,000–8,000). Becak (three-wheeled cycle or motorized rickshaws) and andong (horse carriages) operate in tourist districts such as Jalan Malioboro in Yogyakarta; agree on the price before boarding (typically IDR 20,000–50,000 / $1.30–$3.20 USD for short journeys).

• Borobudur Temple Compounds (Magelang, Central Java): Built in the 8th and 9th centuries during the Sailendra Dynasty, this Mahayana Buddhist monument sits upon a hill surrounded by volcanoes. The stepped pyramid consists of nine stacked platforms decorated with 2,672 carved stone relief panels and 504 Buddha statues, crowned by a central dome encircled by 72 perforated stupas. Location: 40 km (25 miles) northwest of Yogyakarta. Foreign tourist ticket: IDR 455,000 ($29 USD) for temple structure access (includes mandatory Upanat stone-protection sandals and a local guide). Grounds-only access: IDR 400,000 ($25 USD). Advance online booking through the official InJourney portal is required due to daily visitor caps.
• Prambanan Temple Compounds (Sleman / Klaten, Central Java): A 9th-century Hindu complex constructed by the Mataram Kingdom, dedicated to the Trimurti (Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva). The tallest central shrine dedicated to Shiva reaches 47 meters (154 feet) in height and features detailed bas-reliefs illustrating the epic Ramayana. Location: 17 km (11 miles) east of Yogyakarta. Foreign tourist ticket: IDR 400,000 ($25 USD) for adults; IDR 225,000 ($14 USD) for children. Combined Borobudur–Prambanan pass: IDR 750,000 ($48 USD).
• Mount Bromo & Sea of Sand (Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java): An active stratovolcano (2,329 m / 7,641 ft) set inside the 10-kilometer-wide Tengger caldera. Visitors traverse the vast volcanic "Sea of Sand" (Pasir Berbisik) on foot or by 4WD jeep and climb a flight of 250 concrete steps to stand on the active crater rim. Location: Reachable from Probolinggo, Pasuruan, or Malang. National park entry fee for foreign visitors: IDR 220,000 ($14 USD) on weekdays; IDR 320,000 ($20 USD) on weekends and public holidays. Tickets must be booked online at bromotenggersemeru.id.
• Kawah Ijen Volcano & Sulfur Crater (Banyuwangi / Bondowoso, East Java): A volcanic crater (2,386 m / 7,828 ft) holding a one-kilometer-wide turquoise acidic crater lake and an active solfatara where miners extract solid sulfur. In the pre-dawn darkness (1:00 AM–4:00 AM), ignited sulfuric gases vent at temperatures up to 600°C, producing electric-blue flames. Location: 35 km (22 miles) west of Banyuwangi. Foreign tourist entry fee: IDR 100,000 ($6.50 USD) on weekdays; IDR 150,000 ($9.50 USD) on weekends. A medical health certificate (available locally for IDR 25,000–35,000) and a rented gas mask (IDR 25,000–50,000) are mandatory for entry.
• Kraton of Yogyakarta & Taman Sari (Yogyakarta): The official seat and palace complex of the Sultan of Yogyakarta, built in 1755. The complex showcases classical Javanese court architecture, royal regalia, musical gamelan instruments, and daily cultural performances. A short walk away stands Taman Sari (Water Castle), a 1758 royal garden complex with sunken bathing pools and underwater passageways. Location: Central Yogyakarta. Kraton entry fee: IDR 25,000 ($1.60 USD); Taman Sari entry fee: IDR 25,000 ($1.60 USD).
• Kota Tua (Old Batavia, Jakarta): The historic core of 17th-century Dutch colonial administration, centered on Fatahillah Square. The district contains the Jakarta History Museum (housed in the 1710 former Stadhuis city hall), the Wayang Museum (puppet museum), the Museum of Fine Arts and Ceramics, and the historic Café Batavia. Location: West Jakarta, adjacent to Jakarta Kota railway station. Square access: Free; Museum entry fees: IDR 10,000 (~$0.65 USD) each.
• Ujung Kulon National Park (Pandeglang, Banten): A UNESCO World Heritage Site at Java's southwestern tip encompassing primary lowland tropical rainforest and offshore coral reefs around Peucang Island. It protects the final surviving wild population of the critically endangered Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus). Location: 230 km (143 miles) southwest of Jakarta via Labuan or Sumur ports. Foreign tourist permit fee: IDR 150,000 ($9.60 USD) on weekdays; IDR 225,000 ($14.50 USD) on weekends. Multi-day boat charter and mandatory ranger fees apply separately.
• Dieng Plateau (Wonosobo / Banjarnegara, Central Java): A high volcanic plateau sitting at 2,093 meters (6,867 ft) above sea level, featuring 8th-century stone temples (Candi Arjuna complex), steaming mud pots at Kawah Sikidang, and the mineral-rich waters of Telaga Warna (Color Lake). Location: 115 km (71 miles) northwest of Yogyakarta. Combined entrance fee: IDR 30,000–50,000 (~$1.90–$3.20 USD).

• Sunrise Jeep Excursions at Mount Bromo: Depart Cemoro Lawang village at 3:30 AM in a 4WD Toyota Land Cruiser to reach the Penanjakan, King Kong Hill, or Prahu viewpoints (2,700 m). Watch the sun illuminate Mount Bromo, Mount Batok, and the steaming peak of Mount Semeru before descending to the caldera floor to hike the crater rim. (Jeep rentals cost IDR 600,000–900,000 / ~$38–$58 USD per vehicle for up to 6 passengers).
• Prambanan Ramayana Ballet: Watch an open-air theatrical dance drama performed by over 200 dancers and musicians against the floodlit stone spires of Prambanan Temple. Shows run on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday evenings during the dry season (May to October), moving to the indoor Trimurti stage during wet months. Ticket prices range from IDR 150,000 for standard seating to IDR 450,000 (~$10–$29 USD) for VIP seats.
• Batik Making Workshops in Yogyakarta & Solo: Learn the traditional wax-resist textile dyeing process (batik tulis) using a canting pen filled with molten wax. Workshops in the Kauman, Tirtodipuran, or Kampoeng Batik Laweyan neighborhoods run half-day and full-day courses (IDR 150,000–350,000 / ~$10–$22 USD per person, including materials).
• Riding the Whoosh High-Speed Train: Experience Southeast Asia's first commercial high-speed railway between Jakarta Halim and Padalarang/Tegalluar in West Java, traveling through 13 tunnels and across mountain viaducts at 350 km/h in under 45 minutes.
• Trekking to Madakaripura Waterfall: Hike through a narrow green canyon near Probolinggo in East Java to reach a 200-meter-tall curtain waterfall associated with the ancient Majapahit kingdom's prime minister, Gajah Mada. Motorbike taxi and guide hire at the park entrance cost IDR 100,000–150,000 (~$6.50–$9.60 USD).
• Surfing the Indian Ocean Coastline: Paddle out at premier surf breaks along Java's southern shore. Key surf spots include Pelabuhan Ratu and Cimaja in West Java, Batu Karas near Pangandaran, and the hollow barrels of G-Land (Grajagan Bay) in Alas Purwo National Park on the southeastern tip.

• Gudeg Yu Djum (Jl. Wijilan No. 167, Panembahan, Kraton, Yogyakarta) — Central Javanese cuisine. Yogyakarta's most famous establishment for gudeg, a slow-cooked dish made of young jackfruit simmered for hours in coconut milk and palm sugar, served alongside free-range chicken, hard-boiled egg, tofu, and spicy krecek (stewed cattle skin in chili sauce). Price tier: Budget, IDR 25,000–55,000 (~$1.60–$3.50 USD) per person.
• Soto Betawi H. Ma'ruf (Komplek Taman Ismail Marzuki, Jl. Cikini Raya No. 73, Menteng, Central Jakarta) — Betawi cuisine. Established in 1940, this eatery specializes in Jakarta's signature beef soup made with a rich broth of coconut milk and clarified butter (minyak samin), loaded with tender beef cuts, tripe, and fried potatoes, garnished with emping bitters and lime. Price tier: Budget, IDR 45,000–75,000 (~$2.90–$4.80 USD) per person.
• Warung Rawon Setan Mbak Endang (Jl. Embong Malang No. 78, Genteng, Surabaya) — East Javanese cuisine. An iconic Surabaya institution known for its dark, savory rawon beef soup, colored and flavored by black keluak nuts and aromatic lemongrass, served with steamed rice, salted duck egg, bean sprouts, and spicy sambal terasi. Price tier: Budget to Mid-range, IDR 40,000–80,000 (~$2.60–$5.20 USD) per person.
• Dapur Dahapati (Jl. Cipaganti No. 146, Coblong, Bandung) — Sundanese / Indonesian cuisine. Housed in a Dutch colonial-era bungalow, this Bandung favorite is celebrated for its sop buntut (oxtail soup), served either simmered in a spiced nutmeg-and-clove beef broth or charcoal-grilled with sweet soy sauce and sambal. Price tier: Mid-range, IDR 75,000–130,000 (~$4.80–$8.30 USD) per person.
• Dapur Babah Elite (Jl. Veteran I No. 18–19, Gambir, Central Jakarta) — Peranakan and Javanese-Dutch colonial cuisine. Located near Merdeka Square in a pair of restored 19th-century shophouses filled with antiques, serving dishes such as nasi ulam Babah, ayam kodok, and Javanese roasted spiced fish. Price tier: Mid-range to Upscale, IDR 150,000–350,000 (~$10–$22 USD) per person.

• Budget:
  • Wonderloft Hostel (Jl. Bank No. 6, Pinangsia, Taman Sari, West Jakarta) — Located in a restored Dutch colonial building in Kota Tua, 300 meters from Fatahillah Square. Features air-conditioned dormitory bunks with privacy curtains, private rooms, a shared communal lounge with a pool table, and high-speed Wi-Fi. Nightly rates: IDR 150,000–350,000 (~$10–$22 USD).
  • ViaVia Guesthouse (Jl. Prawirotaman No. 30, Brontokusuman, Mergangsan, Yogyakarta) — Situated in Yogyakarta's popular traveler district of Prawirotaman. Offers clean fan-cooled and air-conditioned rooms, a small plunge pool, an on-site organic bakery and cafe, and a travel desk organizing sustainable excursions. Nightly rates: IDR 250,000–450,000 (~$16–$29 USD).
  • Lava View Lodge (Cemoro Lawang, Ngadisari, Sukapura, Probolinggo Regency, East Java) — Perched directly on the edge of the Tengger caldera rim. Provides basic en-suite rooms with heating, hot water showers, and a terrace with direct views across the Sea of Sand to Mount Bromo. Nightly rates: IDR 450,000–850,000 (~$29–$54 USD).
• Mid-range:
  • The Phoenix Hotel Yogyakarta - MGallery (Jl. Jend. Sudirman No. 9, Jetis, Yogyakarta) — A heritage property established in 1918 blending colonial, Javanese, and art-deco architecture. Features an open-air courtyard swimming pool, traditional spa facilities, a cocktail bar, and rooms furnished with Javanese woodwork and textiles. Nightly rates: IDR 900,000–1,600,000 (~$58–$103 USD).
  • De Braga by ARTOTEL (Jl. Braga No. 10, Sumur Bandung, Bandung) — Centrally positioned on historic Jalan Braga. Features contemporary rooms decorated with works by Indonesian artists, an outdoor swimming pool, a bistro restaurant, and a rooftop bar within walking distance of colonial landmarks and cafes. Nightly rates: IDR 700,000–1,200,000 (~$45–$77 USD).
  • Majapahit Hotel Surabaya - MGallery (Jl. Tunjungan No. 65, Genteng, Surabaya) — An iconic grand hotel founded in 1910 by the Sarkies brothers. Features colonial colonnades, manicured courtyard gardens, an outdoor pool, antique suites, and the historic site of the 1945 flag incident. Nightly rates: IDR 1,100,000–1,900,000 (~$71–$122 USD).
• Upscale:
  • The Dharmawangsa Jakarta (Jl. Brawijaya Raya No. 26, Kebayoran Baru, South Jakarta) — A 5-star luxury boutique hotel designed in the style of an aristocratic 1920s Javanese residence. Offers spacious rooms with private balconies, hand-carved furnishings, extensive tropical gardens, an Olympic-length outdoor swimming pool, 24-hour butler service, and fine Indonesian dining at Sriwijaya Restaurant. Nightly rates: IDR 3,500,000–6,500,000 (~$225–$417 USD).
  • Amanjiwo (Ds. Majaksingi, Borobudur, Magelang Regency, Central Java) — A 5-star luxury resort built of local paras yogya limestone, designed with a central rotunda and amphitheater layout echoing Borobudur. Suites feature private walled gardens, outdoor pavilions, and direct views across rice fields to the Borobudur stupas. Nightly rates: IDR 14,000,000–24,000,000 (~$897–$1,538 USD).
  • Plataran Bromo Resort & Spa (Wonokitri, Tosari, Pasuruan Regency, East Java) — A 5-star highland resort located 2,000 meters above sea level on the approaches to Mount Bromo. Features luxury timber villas with wood-burning fireplaces, agricultural tours, an on-site spa, and private jeep expeditions into the caldera. Nightly rates: IDR 3,200,000–5,800,000 (~$205–$372 USD).

• Bali (5 km / 3 miles east of Banyuwangi): Reached via a 45-minute ASDP car ferry crossing from Ketapang Port to Gilimanuk, or a 1-hour 45-minute direct flight from Jakarta or Surabaya to Ngurah Rai International Airport (DPS). Renowned for Hindu temple complexes, surf breaks in Uluwatu and Canggu, and art centers in Ubud.
• Sumatra / Lampung (30 km / 19 miles west of Merak across Sunda Strait): Reached via a 1-to-2-hour express ferry crossing from Merak to Bakauheni, or a 45-minute flight from Jakarta to Radin Inten II Airport (TKG) in Bandar Lampung. Serves as the jumping-off point for Way Kambas National Park's elephant sanctuary and Mount Krakatau volcano tours.
• Karimunjawa Archipelago (80 km / 50 miles north of Jepara, Central Java): Reached via a 2-hour express speedboat from Jepara Kartini Port or flights from Semarang Ahmad Yani Airport. A marine national park comprising 27 islands with coral reefs, white sand beaches, sea turtle sanctuaries, and mangrove tracks.
• Lombok & Gili Islands (Direct 1.5-hour flight from Jakarta or Surabaya to Lombok International Airport LOP): Located immediately east of Bali, offering trekking up Mount Rinjani (3,726 m), uncrowded surf at Desert Point and Kuta Lombok, and the motor-free coral atolls of Gili Trawangan, Gili Meno, and Gili Air.
• Belitung Island (45-minute direct flight from Jakarta CGK to H.A.S. Hanandjoeddin Airport TJQ): An island in the Java Sea east of Sumatra famous for calm turquoise bays, giant white granite boulder formations at Tanjung Tinggi Beach, and traditional Peranakan tin-mining heritage towns.